etasi / vim-great-cheatsheet.md

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VIM: A Great Vim Cheat Sheet A Great Vim Cheat Sheet

#A Great Vim Cheat Sheet

Note: If you’re decent at vim and want your mind blown, check out Advanced Vim.

I’ve compiled a list of essential vim commands that I use every day. I then give a few instructions on how to making vim as great as it should be, because it’s painful without configuration.

##Cursor movement (Inside command/normal mode)

The four directions in VIM - hjkl

w - jump by start of words (punctuation considered words)
W - jump by words (spaces separate words)
e - jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)
E - jump to end of words (no punctuation)
b - jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)
B - jump backward by words (no punctuation)
0 - (zero) start of line
^ - first non-blank character of line (same as 0w)
$ - end of line
Advanced (in order of what I find useful)
- Ctrl+d - move down half a page
- Ctrl+u - move up half a page
- > - go forward by paragraph (the next blank line)
- < - go backward by paragraph (the next blank line)
- gg - go to the top of the page
- G - go the bottom of the page
- : [num] [enter] - Go To that line in the document
- Searching
  - f [char] - Move to the next char on the current line after the cursor
  - F [char] - Move to the next char on the current line before the cursor
  - t [char] - Move to before the next char on the current line after the cursor
  - T [char] - Move to before the next char on the current line before the cursor
  - All these commands can be followed by ; (semicolon) to go to the next searched item, and , (comma) to go the the previous searched item
  - Results in insert mode
    - i - start insert mode at cursor
    - I - insert at the beginning of the line
    - a - append after the cursor
    - A - append at the end of the line
    - o - open (append) blank line below current line (no need to press return)
    - O - open blank line above current line
    - cc - change (replace) an entire line
    - c [movement command] - change (replace) from the cursor to the move-to point.
    - ex. ce changes from the cursor to the end of the cursor word
    - d - [movement command] deletes from the cursor to the move-to point.
    - ex. de deletes from the cursor to the end of the current word
    - J - join line below to the current one
    ##Marking text (visual mode)
    - v - starts visual mode
      - From here you can move around as in normal mode (hjkl etc.) and can then do a command (such as y , d , or c )
      - O - move to Other corner of block
      - o - move to other end of marked area
      ##Visual commands Type any of these while some text is selected to apply the action
      - y - yank (copy) marked text
      - d - delete marked text
      - c - delete the marked text and go into insert mode (like c does above)
      - yy - yank (copy) a line
      - p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor
      - P - put (paste) before cursor
      - dd - delete (cut) a line
      - x - delete (cut) current character
      - X - delete previous character (like backspace)
      - :w - write (save) the file, but don't exit
      - :wq - write (save) and quit
      - :q - quit (fails if anything has changed)
      - :q! - quit and throw away changes
      - /pattern - search for pattern
      - ?pattern - search backward for pattern
      - n - repeat search in same direction
      - N - repeat search in opposite direction
      - :%s/old/new/g - replace all old with new throughout file (gn is better though)
      - :%s/old/new/gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations
      ##Working with multiple files
      - :e filename - Edit a file
      - :tabe - make a new tab
      - gt - go to the next tab
      - gT - go to the previous tab
      - Advanced
        
        :vsp - vertically split windows
        
        ctrl+ws - Split windows horizontally
        
        ctrl+wv - Split windows vertically
        
        ctrl+ww - switch between windows
        
        ctrl+wq - Quit a window
        
        ##Marks Marks allow you to jump to designated points in your code.
        
        m - Set mark at cursor position
        
        A capital mark sets a global mark and will work between files
        
        ‘ - move the cursor to the start of the line where the mark was set
        
        ‘’ - go back to the previous jump location
        
        u - undo
        
        Ctrl+r - redo
        
        . - repeat last command
        
        #Making Vim actually useful Vim is quite unpleasant out of the box. For example, typeing :w for every file save is awkward and copying and pasting to the system clipboard does not work. But a few changes will get you much closer to the editor of your dreams.
        
        My .vimrc file has some pretty great ideas I haven't seen elsewhere.
        
        This is a minimal vimrc that focuses on three priorities:
        
        adding options that are strictly better (like more information showing in autocomplete)
        
        more convenient keystrokes (like [space]w for write, instead of :w [enter] )
        
        a similar workflow to normal text editors (like enabling the mouse)
        
        Installation
        
        Copy this to your home directory and restart vim. Read through it to see what you can now do (like [space]w to save a file)
        
        mac users - making a hidden normal file is suprisingly tricky. Here’s one way:
        
        in the command line, go to the home directory
        
        type nano .vimrc
        
        paste in the contents of the .vimrc file
        
        ctrl+x , y , [enter] to save
        
        If you can’t paste, it’s probably because vim was not built with the system clipboard option. To check, run vim --version and see if +clipboard exists. If it says -clipboard , you will not be able to copy from outside of vim.
        
        For mac users, homebrew install vim with the clipboard option. Install homebrew and then run brew install vim .
        
        then move the old vim binary: $ mv /usr/bin/vim /usr/bin/vimold
        
        restart your terminal and you should see vim --version now with +clipboard
        
        The easiest way to make vim more powerful is to use Vintageous in sublime (version 3). This gives you Vim mode inside sublime. I suggest this (or a similar setup with the Atom editor) if you aren't a vim master. Check out Advanced Vim if you are.
        
        Vintageous is great, but I suggest you change a few settings to make it better.
        
        Clone this repository to ~/.config/sublime-text-3/Packages/Vintageous , or similar. Then check out the "custom" branch.
        
        Alternatively, you can get a more updated Vintageous version by cloning the official repo and then copying over this patch.
        
        "caret_style": "solid"
        
        This will make the cursor not blink, like in vim.
        
        sublime might freeze when you do this. It’s a bug; just restart sublime after changing the file.
        
        < "keys": ["alt+r"], "command": "show_overlay", "args": >,
        
        ##Switch Caps Lock and Escape
        
        I highly recommend you switch the mapping of your caps lock and escape keys. You'll love it, promise! Switching the two keys is platform dependent; google should get you the answer
        
        ##Other I don’t personally use these yet, but I’ve heard other people do!
        
        :wqa - Write and quit all open tabs (thanks Brian Zick)

etasi / vim-great-cheatsheet.md

Installation